Settler Kaponga 1881–1914 — A Frontier Fragment of the Western World
Subject Index
Subject Index
NOTE: Page references for illustrations are in italics.
Agriculture Department, 238, 250, 251, 252, 256, 257, 258, 272
Ahipaipa Road, 43, 45, 62, 79, 84
Anglicans, 168–70, 204, 206, 307, 314, 332, 333
Astbury, David, 14, 135, 137, 139, 140; summary, 347
Athletic sports, 69, 159, 165, 166, 206, 284–5, 297, 306, 342
Australia, 133, 186, 193, 199, 200, 243–4, 246, 256, 257, 292, 300, 343–4
Awatuna, 127, 156, 169, 171, 221, 233, 238, 265, 268, 273, 287, 294, 322, 337
Awatuna East, 20, 219, 220, 221, 233–4, 255, 258, 273
Barleyman, Willoughby John (farmer), Kate and family, 108, 140, 141, 151, 321–2; summary, 347
Betts, Charles Edward (seed merchant) and Hilda, 212, 276, 280, 281, 288–9, 296, 300, 308, 358, 359; summary, 347
Bicycles, 155, 207, 300, 302, 310, 318
Bisley (England), 300
Blackleg, 258
Blacksmiths and wheelwrights, 101, 147, 148, 151–4
Boer War, 199, 200–1, 286, 329
Brass Band, 209, 221, 224, 283, 285, 286, 289, 290, 291, 294, 297, 298, 300, 301, 306–7, 332, 333, 337
Bridges and culverts, 42, 47, 50, 116, 117, 119, 120, 130, 316, 318–9, 323
Bush burns (i.e. controlled), 17, 35–8, 40, 58, 107
Bush felling, 34, 35–6, 40, 57–6, 90
Bush fires (i.e. out of control), 71–3, 107–8, 173, 183–6, 225, 320–4
Bush/open country friction, 49, 126–7
Campbell, Robert Henry (publican), 211, 212, 358; summary, 347
Canning, Frank Stephen (storekeeper), 126, 137; business, 103, 129, 147; and Mt Egmont, 107, 109; sport and social club leadership, 160, 166, 167; school committee, 177, 357; summary, 347
Canterbury, 18, 30, 78–9, 105, 112, 129, 134, 226, 300, 338
Carriers, drays and wagons, 156, 231–3, 232, 278, 329; lorries, 221, 235, 278
Cattle, 41, 63, 76, 78, 104–5, 251–2, 253; feral, 32, 33, 53, 75–6
Cemetery, 16, 74, 205, 207, 208–9, 213, 216, 217
Children, 171–81, 253, 267, 305; ‘child slavery’ (milking), 172–5 passim, 179–81, 254, 265–6; cadets (teaching), 263–5
Childs, Thomas (blacksmith and coach-builder), 147, 152, 153, 163, 356; summary, 347
Churches, 67, 168–71, 205; see also Anglicans, Methodists, Presbyterians, Roman Catholics
Coach lines, 121, 156, 222, 233, 316–9, 320, 323
page 374Cleland, Catherine (settler) and family, 129, 131, 132, 141, 204, 335; summary, 348
Coffee Palace, see Egmont Coffee Palace
Commercial travellers, 215, 235
Continuous Reserve, 28, 30, 33–4
Country and town, see Town and country
Coxhead, Arthur (farmer), Anne and family, 77, 108, 167, 194–5; summary, 348
Credentialling, 260–1, 264–5, 266
Cricket, 147, 160–1, 206, 207, 209, 267, 279–80, 296, 297, 331, 332; women's, 306
Crowley, Daniel (settler), Hannah and family, 57, 77, 223–4, 238, 264, 281, 283, 284, 293, 338; summary, 348
Culverts, see Bridges and culverts
Dairying, child labour, see Children; export of produce, 131–3, 242–7, 249; factories other than Kaponga Co-op., 236–8, 238, 241; general news and issues, 65–6, 84, 104, 106, 128, 144, 236–8, 249–50, 335; home, 61, 65, 133, 311; Kaponga Co-operative Dairy Co Ltd, 135, 139, 145, 150, 233, 236, 238–51, 240, 242, 245, 248, 329, 331, 333, 335, 336, 359; L & M's Kaponga creamery, 137–9, 141, 232–3; pioneer settler ‘factories’, 66, 134–5
Dairy Produce Exchange, Hawera, 243–6
Davy, Henry Whitworth, (storekeeper), 49, 60, 65, 76–8, 81, 83, 91, 134, 148–9, 356, 357; summary, 348
Dawson Falls, 51–3, 110, 202; ‘Mountain House’, 110–2, 160, 175, 220, 221–3, 224
Deaths and inquests, 182–3, 186–94, 318
Deferred payment (for land), 14, 34, 38, 47, 54, 59, 186
Dentists, 156, 235, 274–5, 278Dingle, Richard (farmer), 76, 77, 109, 112, 143, 160, 359; summary, 348
Doctors, 124, 156, 221, 273–4, 346
Dramatic club, 167
Dressmaking, 271, 272, 276, 296 & 302 (sewing), 312
Egmont Coffee Palace, 208, 210, 222, 223, 276, 281, 307–8, 313
Egmont, Mount, 27, 50–3, 103, 109–13, 180, 204, 268; Egmont National Park, 221; South Egmont Forest Conservators, 109, 149, 202; see also Dawson Falls
Egmont Star (Hawera), 66, 79, 168, 183, 185; see also Hawera Star
Eltham, 20, 66, 126, 143 150, 154, 156, 160, 163, 169, 171, 217, 218–9, 227, 229, 231–2, 233, 264, 272, 273, 287, 292, 296, 298, 318, 327
Eltham County Council, 16, 218–9, 225, 226, 227–30, 252, 356
Eltham Road, 37, 44, 45–6, 50, 103, 114, 115–9, 209, 218, 219, 226, 227–35, 318, 320, 337–8
Emigration from the Kaponga district, 15, 102–3, 195, 206, 259, 324, 338
Farewells, 15, 147, 149, 194, 289
Farmers' Union, 213, 221, 257–8, 272, 294, 319
Feral animals, 31, 32, 33, 53, 75–6, 108, 166
Fire brigade, 207, 213, 332, 333, 337
Fires, other than bushfires, 17, 85–97, 216
Fitzgerald, Daniel (settler), Mary and son, 57, 71–4, 74, 77, 78, 171, 326; summary, 348
Fitzgerald, Maurice (settler), Julia and family, 16–7, 16, 77, 95, 218; arrival, 15; Catholic church, 171; dairy industry leader, 141, 239, 244, 246, 359; local body service, 219, 221, 356, 357; summary, 349
Frethey, John (farmer), Ellen and family, 290, 357, 358; Horticultural society, 303, 304, 305, 314; Methodist church, 290, 305; summary, 349
Fruit growing, see Gardens and orchards
Fungus, edible, 64–5, 67, 82, 89, 105, 341
Game (other than feral animals), 53, 69, 108, 159, 166
Gapper, Frederick (storeman, storekeeper), 161, 162, 166, 212, 287, 298, 358, 359; summary, 349
Gardens and orchards, 61, 62, 145, 173, 271, 311–2
page 375Gibson, Robert, 57, 245, 344, 356; dairy industry, 139, 241; horticulture, 296, 305; summary, 349
Gold fields, 29, 57, 67–8, 130, 186, 193
Grace, Allan (farmer), Annie and family, 171, 321–2; summary, 349
Grass seed, 64, 71–2, 105, 150, 173, 184, 341
Grass (varieties, pastures, hay), 40, 105, 144, 251, 272
Guy, Alfred Henry (blacksmith andwheelwright, farmer), Mabel and family, 212, 224, 284, 287–98 passim, 300, 359; summary, 349
Hawera, 20–1, 126, 160, 161, 169, 171, 194, 217, 222, 227, 243–4, 263, 275, 281, 282, 292, 294, 296, 297, 300–1
Hawera County Council, 46, 50, 109, 115–6, 148, 219, 226, 227, 355
Hawera Star, 61, 101, 126, 128, 233; Star's
Harwood, John Liversay (storekeeper), 149–50, 158, 160, 162, 165, 167, 168, 357; summary, 349
Hay, see Grass
Hayes, James (settler), Catherine and family, 75–6, 76–8, 85–97, 163, 177;summary, 349
Health Department, 210, 211, 213–6, 252, 257, 275
Hemingway, George (farmer), Jessie andfamily, 140, 166, 172–4, 179, 357;summary, 350
Hides and skins, 253
Hobbs, Alfred Samuel (farmer), Mary andfamily, 170–1; summary, 350
Hockey, women's, 206, 299–300, 299, 305, 314; men's, 300–1, 305, 332; school, 207, 267, 299
Home life and recreations, 66, 157–8, 185–6, 193, 305
Horses, 42–3, 82, 89, 187, 202, 235, 258, 310, 326
Horticultural Society, see Show, Kaponga Horticultural
Hotels and accommodation houses, 69, 123, 130, 147, 182, 189, 208, 212, 214–7, 307, 318, 327; see also Dawson
Falls, ‘Mountain House’
Houses, 16, 62, 86, 150, 157–8, 183, 184, 224–5
Howitt, William King (storekeeper), 55–6, 233–5, 255–6; summary, 350
Hughes, Daniel J. (farmer), 163, 182; summary, 350
Hutchinson, William Seward (farmer), Mary and family, 66, 84; summary, 350
Immigration into Kaponga district, 15, 17, 39, 105, 121, 128–9, 175, 195, 256, 315, 324, 329, 346
Inquests, see Deaths and inquests
Kaponga, paper township in the 1880s, 17, 20, 34–5, 97, 103; development 1887–9, 49–50; felling of township site, 101; in the 1890s, 101, 101–2, 103–4, 122–5; over 1900–14, 205, 208, 205 & 216 (maps)
Kaponga Town Board, 235, 297, 358; origins, 211–2; sanitation 210, 213–7
Kapuni, 134, 163, 169, 172, 200, 219, 220, 221, 222, 237–8, 263, 264, 272
‘Kaupokonui’, 20, 36, 38, 78–85, 341
King, Newton (businessman), 89, 106, 133–4, 243, 252
Kipling, Rudyard (English poet), 183, 185, 319
Labour, supply and demand, 58–60, 144, 253–4
Land sales, virgin land, 15, 30–1 34–5, 36–7, 102
Law, Robert Souter (farmer), Isabella and family, Mount Egmont rescues, 160, 223; social and sporting, 159, 161, 163, 165, 166, 298, 299; town board, 212, 212, 359; summary, 350
Lodges and friendly societies, 16, 224, 273–4, 286, 289, 294, 329, 333
Lovell and Christmas (English importers of dairy produce), 128, 140, 164
page 376Maclagan, David (doctor) and Alice, 204, 204, 214, 233, 273–4, 314, 326–7; and Mount Egmont, 204, 223; sports involvement and leadership, 280, 282, 283–4, 287–92 passim, 299, 314; horticultural society, 303–4; Anglican church, 204, 314; summary, 350
MacLean, Charles (headmaster) and Isabella, 167, 175–7, 262, 263, 264, 265–6, 357; summary, 351
Mahoe, 143, 185, 200, 220, 221
Makaka, 20, 37, 182, 220, 231, 268–9, 323, 337
Manaia, 20, 31, 39, 59, 65, 66, 69–70, 74, 97, 106, 120, 126, 143, 150, 151, 154, 164, 167, 170, 172, 189, 206, 207, 217–8, 227, 252, 264, 273, 275, 284, 292, 295, 296, 301, 342
Manaia Road, 17, 37, 43, 47, 65, 115, 119–20, 225, 231
Mangatoki, 49, 68, 103, 106–7, 135, 170, 219, 221, 222, 229, 232, 264, 295–6, 336,
Maori, 23–4, 27, 30, 32, 54–6, 64, 70, 75, 92, 166, 340–3
Matheson, Peter and Helen, 207, 266–7, 271, 280, 288, 290, 295–300 passim, 314, 357; summary, 351
Mellow, Richard (farmer), Hannah and family, 129, 174–5, 179, 207, 318; dairying leadership, 141, 239, 241, 244, 246, 359; sports, 163; summary, 351
Melville, John (settler), Sarah Emma and family, 75–7, 86, 94, 96, 97, 186–94, 220; sawmill, 101, 107–9, 147, 160; sport, 160, 298; midwives, 368; summary, 351
Methodists, 39, 50, 167, 168–70, 206, 207, 290, 294, 296, 315, 343
Midwives, 73, 278, 345, 346, 368
Milking machines, 194–5, 195, 254–6, 254
Moller, Wilhelm (carrier), Helene and family, 204, 231–2, 232, 234, summary, 351
Motor vehicles, 202, 221, 228, 234–5, 275, 337, 338
Moturoa coolstores, 239
Moumahaki, 272
Movies, 202
National Dairy Association, 142, 246
Nelson Province, 17, 18, 39, 316
New Plymouth, 239, 284, 290, 295
Newspapers, 20–1, 30–1, 32, 129, 168, 329
New Zealand Loan and Mercantile Agency Co Ltd, 103, 106, 135, 137–9, 237
Normanby, 61, 63, 66, 71, 142, 280
New Zealand Farmer, 128, 168, 172–5
Okaiawa, 20, 31, 37, 39, 62, 65, 69, 143, 167, 171, 226, 227, 236–7, 263, 281, 284, 289, 292, 293, 295, 301, 342
Opunake, 32, 33, 66, 106, 126, 127, 143, 156, 162, 163, 169, 186, 218, 222, 223, 231–2, 233, 267, 297, 316
Opunake Road, as ‘Hursthouse's Line’, 27, 33, 34; 37, 39, 45–6, 108, 182, 226, 323
Orchards, see Gardens and orchards
Orchestra, 165, 167, 220, 306, 307
Otakeho, 30, 31, 35, 66, 89–90, 91, 105
Palmer, Robert (sawmiller), 50, 65, 87, 101, 109, 116, 127, 146–7, 162, 200; summary, 351
Palmer Road, 32, 37, 44, 47–8, 48–9, 60, 76–8, 107, 108, 120, 134, 143, 222, 238, 253, 309, 324, 343
Picnics, 68, 178, 232, 286, 297
Pigs, 61, 75, 144, 146, 174, 242, 251–2, 258; feral, 32, 33, 108, 166Ping-pong, 221, 306, 346
Police, 182, 189, 216, 316, 327
Population statistics, 39, 108, 218, 220, 308, 352–5
Postal services, 49, 121, 130, 193, 199, 208, 307, 319, 323
Prestidge, Joel (settler), Charlotte and family, 16–7, 21, 72, 77, 108; summary, 351
Professionals, 204–7, 260–1, 264–5, 273–5, 278, 279
Recreations, 68, 102, 103, 158–9, 163, 173–4, 289, 306–7, 331
page 377Red Federation of Labour, 202
Rifle club, 206, 286–7, 289, 297, 298, 300
Riverlea, 142, 143, 145, 219, 220, 221, 228, 239, 242, 243, 257, 264, 281, 294, 317, 319, 322–3, 329, 333–4, 336, 337
Road board, see Waimate Road Board
Road construction and maintenance, 40–9, 59, 225–31
Robertson, John (builder), Emily and
family, 152, 153, 160, 167, 168, 207, 212, 319, 357, 358; summary, 351
Robinson, G.F. (Crown Lands Ranger), 31, 35, 38, 59
Roman Catholics, 71, 74, 168–9, 171, 204, 274, 294, 297, 325
Rowan, 135, 143, 164, 220–1, 242, 248, 251, 257, 289, 306, 323, 324, 337
Rowan Road, 32, 37, 39, 40, 48, 108, 109, 120, 147, 225, 286, 320–2, 324–5
Rugby football, 159, 163–4, 207, 280–2, 284, 288–9, 290, 291–4, 294–6, 300, 301, 305–6, 329, 342; schoolboy, 267, 294
Russo-Japanese War 1904–05, 201–2, 203, 329
Sales, clearing, 157
Saleyards, 104–5, 123, 157, 205, 209, 216
Sawmills, 50, 59, 65, 101, 107–9, 146, 235, 278, 322
School inspectors, 175–7, 178–9, 180, 265, 266, 267–9
Schools, Kaponga, 102, 123, 164–5, 175, 194, 205, 206, 232, 261–7, 271, 296, 297, 305, 356–7; Kapuni, 261–2, 264–70; Mahoe, 262, 269; Makaka, 267–8, 270; Riverlea, 264, 266, 270; Rowan, 261–2, 269, 270
Scots, 55, 78, 127, 137, 140, 171, 172–3, 206, 233, 283, 285
Scott, William Bramwell (Methodist minister), Alice and daughter Rona, 206, 287–98 passim, 300, 305, 314, 342, 343; summary, 352
Seasons, see Weather and seasons
Seddon, R.J. (premier), 130, 152–3, 199, 200, 216 (map)
Separators, cream, 65, 106, 134, 135, 136, 138
Settlers' Association, 125, 207, 208, 209, 213, 218, 273, 357–8
Sewing, see Dressmaking
Shopkeepers, 150–4, 276–8; see also Stores and storekeepers
Shows, Hawera's Egmont A & P, 70, 126, 164, 335; Kaponga Horticultural, 125, 161, 206, 207, 289, 296, 302–5, 303, 306, 313, 314; Dominion Dairy, Hawera, 247; Normanby Horticultural, 61, 70
Soccer, 159, 206, 267, 280–1, 282–4, 288–9, 290, 291, 292, 294, 296, 298, 299, 300, 301, 331, 332, 333, 338–9
Sorensen, Carl W. (dairy instructor, settler), 133, 136; summary, 352
South African War, see Boer War
South Road, 27, 39, 44, 49, 115, 126, 338
Stock route, see Saleyards
Stores and storekeepers, 65, 103, 133, 147–50, 273, 322
Stratford, 126, 147, 161, 171, 217, 220, 244, 276, 298, 300
Stratford County Council, 112, 120
Sunday, 66, 67, 68, 69, 85, 182, 288, 294
Surveys and surveyors, 27, 29–30, 32, 41, 44, 45, 46, 53–4 (backpegging), 122, 224, 261
Swadling, William, Sarah and clan, 15–7, 19, 42, 57, 60, 77, 83, 206, 217, 344–5; arrival, 15; farm, 60, 77, 344–5; dairy industry leader, 140, 141, 241, 245, 359; local body service, 207, 211, 212, 212, 219, 221, 345, 356–9 passim; social leader, 206, 291, 298, 300; summary, 352
Tait, Charles (farmer), Elizabeth and family, 59, 65, 77, 162, 200, 245, 336; summary, 352
Taranaki Education Board, 262, 269–70
Tarsealing, 228–9, 231, 337–8,
Teachers, 262–70; salaries, 175
Te Kiri, 37, 135, 137, 233, 234, 273, 317, 320, 322
Telegraph and telephone, 101, 189
Tennis, 206, 207, 209, 286, 287, 291, 294, 297, 306, 314, 332
Te Whiti, O Rongomai, 23–4, 29, 55–6, 340
page 378Timber industry, 108–9, 116; see also Sawmills
Tindle, George (storekeeper), 141, 150, 163, 187, 188–9, 193, 358; summary, 352
Toll-gates, 228, 231, 231, 235
Town hall (Athenaeum), 15, 125, 147, 163, 173–4, 194, 205, 296, 209, 213, 216, 271, 286, 296, 297, 300, 303, 304, 337
Town and country, 123, 207, 213, 261, 280, 281, 282, 289, 292, 296, 302
Tradesmen's Protection Society/Tradesmen's Association, 213, 252, 278, 283
Victoria Park, 208–9, 209, 216, 280, 281, 282, 283, 287, 288, 290–1, 305
Waimate Road Board, 46–7, 48, 49, 52, 60, 116, 120, 194, 210–1, 213, 226, 273, 319, 355
Waingongoro River, 27, 30, 32, 39, 40, 43, 45, 47
Wanganui Education Board, 175, 176, 177–8, 179, 262, 263, 265–6, 267–8, 270–2
Ward, J. G. (postmaster-general, premier), 208, 225
Waterfront strike 1913, 202, 247–9, 257–8
Wayfaring, 118, 121, 156, 231–5, 278
Weather and seasons, 22, 35–8, 59, 145, 173
Wellington Province, 39, 128–9, 269, 270, 282
Wesleyans, see Methodists
Wheelwrights, see Blacksmiths and wheelwrights
Wilkie, Frederick William (settler), 110, 201–2, 207, 208, 213, 307, 318, 344–4; Mount Egmont, 51–2, 110, 160, 222; farm, 77, 134–5; dairy industry leader, 134–5, 137, 140, 141–3, 242, 359; social and cultural leader, 161, 165, 168, 306, 307, 313; local body leader, 207, 211, 345, 356, 357, 358; summary, 352
Women and girls, 183, 185, 186, 301–15, 324–5, 335–6, 346
World and Kaponga, 19, 22, 127–8, 168, 199–200, 239; Old World community models, 122, 158–9, 291–2, 308–15, 344–6