The Genealogy of the Kings of Rarotonga and Mangaia as illustrating the colonisation of that island and the Hervey Group
I.—Kings of Rarotonga, as given by the "wise men" of Makea — and Tinomana in 1869
I.—Kings of Rarotonga, as given by the "wise men" of Makea
and Tinomana in 1869.
1. | Makea Karika, father of | Makea-the-terrible. His wife was Inanui-i-te-rangi = Ina-the-Great-and-Heavenly. |
2. | Makea Putakitetai | Makea-lord-leading-captivcs. |
3. | Makea i te au | Makea-the-peaceful. |
4. | Makea noo inarie | Makea-the quiet. |
5. | Makea puretu (= purotu) | Makea-the-handsome. |
6. | Makea peau rango | Makea-of-fly-like-wings, i.e., swift to execute his purpose. |
7. | Makea teko nako | Makea-the-ubiquitous (literally, "hither, thither. |
8. | Makea te taiti | Makea-the-fisherman. |
9. | Makea te rĀ tu | Makea-(like)-the-upright-mast (ra* = tira. |
10. | Makea Rongo-oe | Makea - Rongo - of - the - paddle. But usually known as Te ariki ape tini = The-king-with-many-faults. Until his reign there was at Rarotonga but one king, whose united and powerful tribe was named "Takitumu," or "All-destroying." A warrior, maternal uncle to Rongo-oe, named Takaia, split the tribe into two hostile camps. Rongo-oe remained king over the smaller or doomed portion, which took the name of "Puaikura" at Arorangi. Makea's portion was named "Te au o Tonga" = "The-Tongan-kingdom," and remained at Avarua, retaining the family marae "Araitetonga" = "The-Tongan-Mediator" (or "Warder-off-of-Tongans"). |
11. | Makea teina | Makea-the-younger-brother. |
12. | Makea tumu pu | Makea-of-the-(royal)-conch-shell. |
13. | Makea tinorei | Makea-of-the-handsome-person. |
14. | Makea tari ua | Makea-the-dilatory. |
15. | Makea potiki | Makes-the-youngest (a term of endearment). |
16. | Makea mangungu | Makea-the-thunderer. |
17. | Makea taik | Makea-of-the-spear.page 632 |
18. | Makea tukerae | Makea-the-beloved (literally" of-the-eye-brows"). |
19. | Makea te rangi tu ki vao | Makea - the - solid - sky - standing - up - Outside. |
20. | Rangi Makea | Heavenly Makea Drowned in Lake Tiriara, on the south of Mangaia. |
21. | Makea te patua kino | Makea-badly-beaten. In his reign another split took place, and thenceforth two Makeas reigned jointly at "Araitetonga," the royal "koutu" = "inarae," or idol-grove, of the Makea family. |
22. | Makea pini and | Makea-the-sorrowful and |
22. | Makea keu | Makea-of-the-flaxen-hair. |
23. | Makea Tinirau and | Makea-lord-of-all-fish and |
23. | Makea Tekao | Makea-the-bud (=hope or glory of the family) |
24. | Makea Pori and | Makea-the-fat and |
24. | Makea Karika II. | Makea-the-terrible, second of that name. These were the reigning chiefs at Avarua in 1823, when the Rev. John Williams conveyed the Gospel to Rarotonga. Since then have reigned— |
25. | Makea Davida and | Makea-David. |
25. | Makea Pa | Makea-the-defender. |
26. | Makea Te vairua and | Makea-the-spirit and |
26. | Makea Tuaivi | Makea-the-hill. |
27. | Makea Daniela and | Makea-Daniel and |
27. | Makea Tavake | Makea-the-tropic-bird. |
28. | Makea Abela and the above- | Makea-Abel and the above-named |
28. | named Makea Tavake | Makea-Tavake. |
29. | Makea Takau and the above- | Makea-Twenty and the above-named |
29. | named Makea Tavake. | Makea Tavake. Both now living. |
* To be distinguished from rā = sun. It is merely an abbreviation of "tira "=" mast." Because the first syllable is dropped, the remaining one (ra) is lengthened (rā). In New Zealand, "mast" is "tiratu "=" the mast that stands up" (masts were set up or lowered at pleasure).
Kings of the "Puaikura" tribe.
1. | Rongo-oe, or Napa; otherwise named "Te ariki ape tini" = "The-king-with many faults." | |
2. | Tamatoa | The-brave-son |
3. | Tekao | The-bud |
4. | Papa (female) | Foundation |
5. | Temutu | The-end |
6. | Enua tama nui | Land-full-of-offspring |
7. | Ru | Trembling. |
8. | Teau ariki | Royal-domination. |
9. | Tinomana | Mighty-frame, or Wonder-working-body. In this king's reign Christianity was introduced to Earotonga (i.e., 1823) by the late Rev. John Williams. Tinomana represented the eighteenth generation from Karika. Some say the nineteenth. |
10. | Tinomana te ariki tāpu rangi | Tinomana-the-king-who-sustains-the-sky. His baptised name was "Setephano" = Stephen.page 633 |
11. | Tinomana Rongo-oe II. His baptised name was "Samuela" = Samuel. | |
12. | Tinomana Mereane (= Mary Ann). Her baptised name was "Mereane" = Mary Ann. Now living. She is the twentieth direct descendant of Karika in the Rongo-oe line, being sister (but by a different mother) to the previous sovereign. She is niece to Makea Takau of Avarua. |
Pedigree of Makea Takau, as given to me by herself in 1883.
1. | Makea Karika | Makea-the-terrible. |
2. | Makea Putakitetai | Makea-lord-leading-captives. |
3. | Makea te ariki akamataku | Makea-the-king-striking-terror. |
4. | Makea Ātea* rere ao | Makea-Noon* rushing-on-the-world |
5. | Makea te ariki iti au | Mak ea-the-king-giving-peace. |
6. | Makea te ariki noo marie | Makea-the-quiet-king. |
7. | Makea te rā tu | Makea-(like)-the-upright-mast. |
8. | Makea Rongo-oe† | Makea-Rongo† of-the-paddle. |
9. | Makea vai katau | Makea-of-the-right-wing. |
10. | Makea peau rango | Makea-of-the-fly-like-wings. |
11. | Makea putua ariki | Makea-the-feasted-king. |
12. | Makea tinorei | Makea-of-the-handsome-person. |
13. | Rangi Makea ko Takaia | Heavenly Makea or Takaia (who went to Mangaia to wage war). |
14. | Makea tumu pu | Makea-of-the-(royal)-conch-shell (who went to Atiu to wage war). |
15. | Makea, who went to Tahiti on a peaceful errand. | |
16. | Makea te ariki ape tini | Makea-the-king-with-many-faults. |
17. | Makea taruia | Makea-heaped-up. |
18. | Makea te-patua-kino | Makea-badly-beaten. |
19. | Makea pini | Makea-the-sorrowful. |
20. | Makea Tinirau‡ | Makea-lord‡ |
21. | Makea Pori | Makea the fat (who welcomed Mr. Williams in 1823). |
22. | Makea Davida | Makea David. |
23. | Makea Tevairua | Makea-the-spirit. |
24. | Makea Daniela | Makea-Daniel. |
25. | Maker Abela | Makea-Abel.page 634 |
26. | Makea Takau* | Makea-Twenty,* now living. |
There can be no doubt that the first list is the complete one. In this latter account there is no reference to the dual kingship at "Araitetonga." It is confessed that Rarotongan history (so far as Makea is concerned) begins with Karika; but there is lying before me a list of purely mythological names, given as ancestors of the Karika who sailed from Tonga, Rotuma, Avaiki (= Savai'i), and Manuka (the Manu'a cluster of three islands, forming the eastern portion of the Saruoan group. Sometimes Tau, the largest of these three islands, is called by Hervey Islanders Manuka). It is believed that Karika made his final start for the southeast and Rarotonga from the island of Tau or Manu'a, where the marae of "Salia" = "Karika" may still be seen. The place is called "Rarptonga." Tau is 700 miles northwest of the island of Rarotonga.
Karika's great double canoe, in which he made eight wonderful voyages, had two masts, and carried (tradition says) 170 people (okoitu). He gave to the queen-island of the Hervey Group, the home of his descendants, its name "Rarotonga" = "(in memory of) Western Tonga." Karika selected as his followers the fleetest runners and the bravest, men of the various islands he touched at, i.e., of Tonga, Rotuma, Savai'i, and Tau.
It is said that on the island of Rotuma is still shown the "footprint of Salia" = Karika. And at the famous marae of Opoa, in the island of Raiatea, "the stone-seat of Ari'a" = Karika.
* In the memory of "twenty" heads obtained at Maugaia by Makea's warriors generations ago. It is an ancient uame. See my "Savage Life in Polynesia," page 17.