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Ngā Tohuwhenua Mai Te Rangi: A New Zealand Archeology in Aerial Photographs

Chapter 13: Southern North Island

Chapter 13: Southern North Island

1 The river valley is narrow with very narrow ridges adjacent to it, making for poor visibility of sites. In the Whanganui National Park, most sites are under a forest cover.

2 J. Wilson (1990: 17-20). For a discussion of Kupe's Sails, I thank Mr Hami Te Whaiti.

3 New Zealand Soil Bureau (1954).

4 E. Best (1901).

5 Cassels et al (1988).

6 S. Davis (1962); Davidson (1976).

7 Some of the pits were excavated by Walton (1985b).

8 The pits have not been fully published, but see Carkeek (1966: map 8).

9 H.M. Leach (1976).

10 H.M. Leach (1984: 33-52).

11 McFadgen (1980a) argued that the stones had been imported from the beach ridges which run parallel to the coastline and not generally from the native soils of the coastal strip.

12 H.M. Leach (1976: 11-13).

13 H.M. Leach (1979).

14 Wards (1968: 263).

15 Although they are earlier in age than extant European fortifications elsewhere; Cowan (1983, Vol. 1: 88-134); Wards (1968:214-300).

16 K. Jones (1987).

17 Mitcalfe (1970) argues for a pre-European age; Carkeek (1966: map 9).