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The Pamphlet Collection of Sir Robert Stout: Volume 81

Fifteenth Annual Report of the George Junior Republic Association

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Fifteenth Annual Report of the George Junior Republic Association

1910

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George Junior Republic Freeville, N. Y. To the Board of Trustees of The George Junior Republic Association

Gentlemen:—

I herewith present the Fifteenth Annual Report of the Junior Republic for the year ending September 30th 1910 for your study and consideration.

Calvin Derrick,

General Superintendent
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"Daddy"

"Daddy"

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The George Junior Republic

Is located at Freeville, Tompkins County, N. V.

It is thirty-three miles south of Auburn, ten miles east of Ithaca.

It is reached via L, V. R. R., from N. Y. City via Sayre, or Ithaca.

It is reached from Buffalo via L. V. R. R. to Ithaca.

It is reached via N. Y. C. & H. R. R. R. through Auburn.

It is reached via the D. L. & W. through Cortland.

It is located about one mile out of the village of Freeville.

There are good hotel accommodations at Freeville—Shaver's Hotel.

There is a beautiful "Inn" midway between the Republic and Freeville.

This new "Republic Inn" has every modern convenience.

The "Republic Inn" was built for the comfort and accommodation of our friends.

The "Inn" is not conducted controlled by the Republic Authorities.

Important Days

The Second Friday in January—Inauguration Day"

The Tenth of July—"Founder's Day"

The first Tuesday after the first Monday in November—"Election Day"

All other general holidays.

The second Saturday in each month—Executive Committee Meetings.

Weekly Events

Monday Night—Grand Jury meets.

Wednesday Night—Regular mid-week prayer meeting.

Thursday Night—Social Clubs meet.

Friday Night—Court.

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The Fifteenth Annual Report of the George Junior Republic Association

...Officers...

  • President, Thomas M. Osborne
  • Secretarr, Joseph Burden
  • Treasurer, A. G. Agnew 22 William St., New York City
  • Founder, William R. George, Freeville, N. Y.
  • Gen'l Supt., Calvin Derrick, Freeville. N. Y.
  • Ass't. Supt., P. M. Helper, Freeville, N. Y.
  • Att'g Physician, Dr. Homer Genung, Freeville, N. Y. J
  • Field Dep't, Miss Susie Mac Murray. Freeville, N. Y.

Trustees...

1910

  • Phillip Cabot, Boston, Mass.
  • John F. George, N. Y. C.
  • Prof. J. W. Jenks, Ithaca, N. Y.
  • V. E. Macy, N. Y. C.
  • E. E. Olcott, N. Y. C.
  • F. W. Richardson, Auburn, N. Y.

1911

  • A. G, Agnew, N. Y. C.
  • J. G. Smith, Syracuse, N. Y.
  • E. J. Wendell, N. Y. C.
  • D. Rothschild, Ithaca. N. Y.

1912

  • Frederick Almy, Buffalo, N. Y.
  • Thomas M. Osborne, Auburn, N. Y.
  • R. Montgomery Schell, N. Y. C.
  • Theodore Wickwire, Cortland, N. Y.
  • A. C. Goodyear, Buffalo, N. Y.
  • Robert W. Pomeroy, Buffalo. N Y.
  • Rev. C. W. Heifer. Ithaca, N. Y.
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View Looking East

View Looking East

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View Looking South East

View Looking South East

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Executive Committee

The business affairs of the Junior Republic are under the direction of an Executive Committee composed of the following:
  • Hon. Thomas Mott Osborne, Auburn, N. Y.
  • Dr. Homer Genung, Freeville, N. Y.
  • Miss Anna T. Van Santvoord, Freeville, N. Y
  • Mr. Daniel Rothschild, Ithaca, N. Y.
  • Prof. Chas. H. Tuck, Cornell University, Ithaca, X. Y.
  • Prof. J. L. Stone, Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y.
  • Rev. C. W. Heizer, Ithaca, N. Y.
  • Mr. Jacob G. Smith, Syracuse, N. Y.
  • Mr. Peter F. McAllister, Ithaca, N. Y.
  • Miss Frances Hawley, Freeville, N. Y.
  • Mr. Frank Richardson, Auburn, N. Y.

Organization

Committee on Finance - - Messrs Rothschild and Tuck.

Committee on Legal Affairs- - - - Messrs Smith and McAllister.

Committee on Theory and Practice - - Messrs Osborne and Heizer.

Committee on School - - - Messrs McAllister and Smith.

Committee on Maintenance- - - - Miss Van Santvoord and Mr. Heizer.

Committee on Improvement and Plant- - - - - - Miss Van Santvoord and Dr. Genung.

Committee on Farm- - - - Professors Stone and Tuck.

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Admission to the Republic

The George Junior Republic is a Training School for all classes of boys and girls. There are three qualifications which must be met by alt who enter; First, a sound mind—no mental defectives are retained. Second, a sound body—cripples, deformed and sickly children are not accepted because they cannot be expected to meet the strenuous conditions implied and demanded by our motto, "Nothing Without Labor." Third, the candidate must be at least fourteen years of age.

It costs about three hundred dollars a year to support, train school, clothe and physically develop a Citizen. We do not exclude poor children because their parents cannot pay the full amount; we often take such boys and girls free of charge and then try to get the poor authorities of the town they came from to pay us something toward the support of the Citizen. In worthy cases of this kind there is usually some good person who is glad to aid the parents of the candidate in securing the necessary funds to defray at least a part of the burden of his or her support at the Republic. Many times a church society, a social club or other organization undertakes the support of a boy or girl from their vicinity.

Citizens may be received from the overseers of the poor, superintendents of schools, judges of juvenile courts societies, guardians, etc., as well as from parents; but in each and every case applications for admission must be made directly to the General Superintendent of the Republic. No one can be sentenced to the Republic! This is not a criminal institution.*

The length of time a Citizen remains at the Republic varies from one to three years. Many of our Citizens remain five, six or seven years, Citizens coming to as from the town or county authorities or from a court, are taken for one year, the contracts with such authorities

* Application and Surrender Blanks will be found else where in this report.

page break being renewable annually. However every parent or guardian from whom we accept a Citizen must sign the surrender blank.*

Except in a most unusual case, no Citizen leaves the Republic with our approval with less than one full year of training. The brightest boys and girls, under the most favorable circumstances, cannot get the full training in a year. When parents are sensible and ready to co-operate with the forces within the Junior Republic there is seldom failure in the ultimate success of the training upon the life of the Citizen. If the Citizen leaves with our approval the George Junior Republic Association is entirely willing to be judged by the product it sends out.

It often happens, however, that weak and foolish parents seriously interfere with the training of their boy by promises that he may come home in six months, or when school is out or at some other definite period. They are the parents who have begged us most piteously to "save their boy over whom they can exercise no control" The boy has always Inn able to get what he wanted by teasing and by this process he still continues to rule the weak parent: and the parent starts the self-same method with the Republic Authorities. It is almost impossible to help the boy. His parents ruined him lost control of him and publicly acknowledged their failure. But even in the face of these facts the boy is still able to make the parent accede to lus wishes. Time, money and effort are all lost upon this boy until the parent can be eliminated or educated.

* See note on proceeding page.

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Relation of Parents and Citizens in the Republic

Parents may send their children tous with any kind of an outfit they choose, except that a large amount of unnecessary clothing, jewelry, etc., will not be permitted. The usual outfit calls for two suits, two pair shoes, three suits underwear and such other accessories as handkerchiefs, ties, brushes, etc. After this initial outfit the parent is not permitted to furnish clothing or other things easily converted into money. If the parents do send these things the Citizen is not allowed to receive them free, hut must redeem the goods, at about face value, in Republic coin which he obtains by working regularly at some trade or on the farm. The object of this rule is to put the rich and poor boy on the same basis of self-support. There is a reasonably good store in the Republic at which Citizens may buy with their own coin nearly everything they need.

Perfect freedom in the matter of letter writing is allowed except the prisoners in jail, who may write letters only once a week—Sundays. Parents may write as often as they wish. The letters of all Citizens are censured as long as we feel the need of such precautions. Any piece of mail which we consider it unwise to let the Citizen have is withheld. In case of severe sickness, accident or runaway we notify the parent; but we do not undertake to render regular reports. However, such reports are cheerfully given when asked for.

Vacations are not fixed by the mere passage of time. Real progress in standards of Citizenship, thrift, and conscientious work in shop and school are the factors that determine whether or not a boy or girl is entitled to a vacation. The parents or friends are required to bear all the expenses of the vacation. A bond of fifty dollars must be page break deposited with the Republic Authorities to guarantee safe and prompt return of the Citizen. Upon his return the bond is sent back to the parent, or, if requested, applied upon the account of the parent with the Republic.

Parents are requested not to arrange for the vacation with the Citizen until the matter has been fully arranged with the "Office." No Citizen is granted more than two weeks vacation: please do not ask for a longer period.

If for reason which neither parent nor child are responsible a Citizen is returned to his home or dismissed from the Republic, (physical or mental disability) and there is any unused tuition to the credit of such parent, the money will be returned to the parent: otherwise the money is forfeited to the George Junior Republic Association.

People wishing to send boys or girls to the Republic should have the eyes, teeth and throat thoroughly examined and treated if necessary, before sending the child to the Republic

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The Unique Thing about the Junior Republic

The two main reasons why the George Junior Republic has such an absorbing interest to most people are to be found in its form of government and the independent basis of self support which every boy and girl is obliged to maintain within its bounds. Almost the first question asked by a visitor is whether the boys and girls do really govern themselves or if Mr. George and the Superintendent do not in reality direct the affairs of the government. Neither Mr. George, the Superintendent nor any other adult attempts to direct or even to directly influence the affairs of the government. The adult helpers, while always willing to discuss matters with any Citizen, or to express opinions about affairs in or out of the government circle with official or plain Citizen, are not expected or permitted to try to directly influence legislation, nor are the Citizens under any obligation, expressed or implied, to heed the opinion of the helpers. The government of the internal affairs is in the hands of the Citizens. As to their foreign relations, that is, matters relating to affairs or persons without the hounds of the Republic proper, the Citizens have nothing whatever to say. All of those matters are in the hands of the Superintendent.

Following is a brief description of the government by the Citizens,

The government of the George Junior Republic consists of three departments: the legislative, the judicial and the executive.

The legislative department is vested in the citizenship and all the laws are passed by the Citizens in town-meeting assembled, a majority vote deciding the fate of bills proposed. A bill must be signed by the President before it can become a law. The bills are drawn up and pro-

Note: This part of the 1909 Annual Report is reproduced special request.

page break posed in town-meeting just the same as bills are prepared and presented in the United States Congress.

The Citizens in the Republic, who are over fifteen years of age, are voters, the girls enjoying equal suffrage with the boys.

The judicial part of the government consists of two departments, the criminal or police court and the civil court, The judge presiding over the former is appointed by the President and holds office for one year unless removed for conduct not becoming a judge.

Connected with this court are the Attorney General, appointed also by the President, and a bar of ten or fifteen lawyers. A bar association has been organized and no Citizen is allowed to practice law until he has successfully passed the bar association's examination and paid a fee for his license. This reform in the legal branch of the government has had a tendency to greatly increase its efficiency and most of the boys now practising before the court are competent.

In addition to the Citizens' court, there is supreme court made up of three members of the Board of Trustees of the G. J. R. Association. All matters which cannot be adjusted in the lower court may be appealed to the supreme court.

If a difficulty arises between a helper and a Citizen it may be settled in the lower court providing the action is against the Citizen, but if the Citizen brings the action, the supreme court has original jurisdiction. To many people not familiar with the Republic and its affairs, it seems incredible, if not impossible, that a complete government can be carried on in this commonwealth by a community of young men and women not one of whom is twenty-one years of age. It is a popular fallacy that much of the direction of the government is given by the Superintendent or other adults, This is entirely wrong. There is no place, no point, at which the Superintendent, Mr. George or any other person, save a Citizen, enters into, or interferes with, the government of the Citizens.

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It is true that the preamble of the Constitution gives the Superintendent the power of veto over any bill proposed and passed by the Citizen body, but it is also true that that power is almost never used. The Superintendent and other helpers do not enter into the discussions of bills about to become laws; they have nothing to do with the framing of such laws nor with the applying of the law.

The helpers have the power of the court of this government behind them to deal with Citizens the same as the Citizens deal among themselves. No arbitrary control is exercised, except such as comes under the head of parental control used exclusively along the lines of moral and ethical growth.

The executive department of the government is vested in a president, who has associated with him a vice-president and several other officers as police commissioners, board of health etc., elected by the citizens and a chief of police under appointment.

The president and vice-president are elected by popular vote for a term of one year.

The President, Vice-President, Attorney General, Secretary of State, Secretary of Treasury and the Chief of Police constitute a cabinet, and the President has power to convene this cabinet whenever he wishes to consult with them upon matters pertaining to the Government. The second question asked by the usual visitor to the Junior Republic is: "How do the Citizens support themselves and get an education at the same time?" The following brief description of the relation of our school and our industries will be sufficient to answer the question.

1st. In the Junior Republic everybody works. There are no idle classes simply because there is no money to be had except as a return for work performed and no credit is given for meals or beds except in cases of sickness.

2nd. The boys of the Republic are classified into four divisions.

Note: The Hoo. T. M. Oabome is president of the Board of Trustees of the Association. The president of the Republic is the boy elected by the Citizens to act as their Chiel Executive.

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(1) Those who are first-class farmers, plumbers, car penters or bakers etc.

(2) Those who show a willingness to learn a trade or stick to one job, even though they do not possess so high a degree of skill,

(3) Those who will not follow any job definitely, and cannot be depended upon to carry out their contracts or to do their work no matter how skillful they may be,

(4) Those who are too lazy or incompetent or unskilled to be classed anywhere else. Boys may be promoted from class to class by helpers. The maximum wages are $700 a week and the minimum wages are $3.50 a week. The following scale of wages is observed:—
  • Wages 4th Class—not over $4.20 a week
  • Wages 3rd Class—not less than $4.20 or more than $4.80 a week.
  • Wages 2nd Class—not less than $4.80 or more than $5.10 a week.
  • Wages 1st Class—not less than $5.10 or more than $6.60 a week.

All overtime 10 cts. per hour. 3rd. The girls are likewise divided into four classes. The grading is based on a concensus of opinion of all the house mothers in the Republic.

Wages for the various classes of work are as follows:—
  • 1st class—$4.50 per week,
  • 2nd class—$4.00 per week.
  • 3rd class—$3.50 per week.
  • 4th class—$3.00 per week.

Progress from 4th to 1st class depends entirely upon the individual.

The school is in session nine hours a day the same as the shops; no teacher, however, is on duty over six hours, and those pupils who attend school in the morning are working on the farm or in some shop in the afternoon, and vice versa.

Now every Citizen must have regular and steady employment. Let us suppose that a boy is learning the page break plumbing trade but also desires to attend High School. He earns $5,00 a week. His employer may say to him that he may attend school in the afternoon and continue to draw the same pay, provided his school work is satisfactory to the faculty of the school. If the boy tries to do his best in school all is well, but if he neglects his studies or if he is tardy, absent or inattentive he is "docked" by the teachers, at the same rate per hour as he would be by the head plumber for the same neglect in the shop, and the amount is taken from his time card day by day. For habitually or willfully doing poor work he may be discharged from school the same as from the shop. But since progress in the learning of a trade and promotion along the lines of government honors go hand in hand with the school, such discharge means social disadvantage as well as the probability of not advancing as rapidly in wages as the faithful pupil.

All Citizens under 18 years of age and under high school grade, must attend school unless excused by the principal of the school. The New York State law governing this point places the age limit at 16 years but the Citizers themselves raised the age to 18 years.

A fuller description of the school will be found elsewhere in this report.

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Boy over 16 Girls Bovs over 16 14-16 Girls 14-16 Boys Under 14 Girls Under 14 Received for Destitution 3 13 2 1 Received for Delinquency 13 1 2 1 Received for Improper Guardianship 1 6 1 Received from Poor Officers 4 6 Received from Parents or Guardians 37 10 19 7 Received by own application 2 Received Otherwise 3 4 1 Total 63 40 24 10

Number of Citizens in Republic October Ist 1909.

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Boys over 16 Girls over 16 Boys 14-16 Girls 14-16 Boys Under 14 Received for Destitution Received for Delinquency 1 6 1 3 Received for Improper Guardianship 1 Received from Poor Officers 1 1 1 Received from Parents or Guardians 23 2 24 6 Received by own application 4 4 6 1 Received otherwise 1 2 1 Total 29 8 39 10 3

Received during the year ending September 30th 1910

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View Looking North

View Looking North

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General View

General View

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Boys Girls Boys over 16 14-16 Girls 14-16 Boys Under 14 Returned to Parents or Guardian 33 10 2 Placed out to Service 4 3 Placed in other Institutions 9 3 3 Left without permission 13 4 Otherwise discharged 4 2 Died Total 62 16 7 2

Discharged during the year ending September 30th 1910.

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Boys over 16 Girls over 16 Boys 14-16 Girls 14-16 Boys Under 14 Girls Under 14 Total Received for Destitution 2 4 6 Received for Delinquency 7 4 7 1 1 20 Received for Improper Guardianship 3 3 Received from Poor Officers 2 3 23 1 6 Received from Parents 37 14 6 60 Received upon their own application 6 5 3 1 15 Received Otherwise 6 1 i 7 Total 54 39 34 9 1 137

Number of Citizens remaining in the Republic October 1st 1910.

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The Way we Live at the Republic

If one examines the general view as found in the front I part of this report, he is impressed by the close resemblance the "Republic" bears to a modern village. There are no large buildings used as dormitories, no big shop in which everything is done. There are many modern, "homey" looking dwelling houses, several commodious shops, a beautiful chapel, a fine school house, a splendidly equipped hospital and a large and very conveniently arranged barn. The Republic is a big farm of 350 acres having upon it a modern village with its own system of water, sewerage, steam heat, roadways and cement walks.

There are four cottages devoted to the use of girls, and six cottages devoted to the use of the boys. Each has its own Cottage Mother who runs the house as she would her own home, as nearly as conditions will allow. All the Citizens boarding at any given cottage must observe the wishes and rules of the mother presiding over the house. The Citizen is at liberty to change his boarding place if he is not satisfied with the rules of the house, or board, or any other feature connected with it. On the other hand the Cottage Mother may dismiss him from her house for cause.

Of course, under this plan, there are as many different sets of rules as there are Cottage Mothers, but all are attempting to follow, in a general way, a certain line of training which shall result in practically the same thing.

The social life is interesting. The girls and boys are given every opportunity to cultivate the social side of their lives. There are no-regulations" governing this question. It is worked out quite as naturally as in the world at large, except that strenuous, industrial Condi- page break tions act as a much better check than is usual outside. If a household of girls wish to entertain a party of boys or invite a certain cottage of boys to a party, they do not need to consult any one but their House Mother about the plans, boys etc. The girls in the house use their own money which they have earned to carry out the arrangements and they may be as extravagant or as modest in those arrangements as their bank accounts will warrant or as the "Mother" will sanction, Nearly every cottage has its piano and several boys have violins etc; music costs nothing. Many popular helpers will be present and a pleasant evening is passed. The next week perhaps the boys of some cottage will entertain the young ladies from some other cottage, etc. One girls' cottage, the New York, give a five o'clock tea Saturdays. Of course Sunday has the usual church services consisting of morning service, Sunday School and evening service.

On Wednesday evening the mid-week prayer meeting is held from eight until nine o'clock. Thursday evening is "Club Night," and on this evening of one week all the girls in the Republic meet at the "House in the Woods," the beautiful home of Miss Anna T. Van Santvoord where they come in close contact with the "best in life" considered from every point of view. On the alternate Thursday evening the boys meet. On Friday night. Court is held. Nearly every one attends Court. Skating, coasting, sleigh-riding, parties etc in the winter afford considerable pleasure. Athletics, picnics and walking are enjoyed in the summer months.

Our base-ball, foot-ball and basket-ball teams go to all the nearby cities and large towns to play, and, of course, many Citizens not on the team go along to "cheer things up." This gives touch, color and vim to our life. We have a good ball team and are proud of our record in this respect, Upon the athletic field our teams meet teams from Ithaca, Cortland, Binghamton, Syracuse, Sayre, Owego, Elmira, Auburn, Rochester, and many smaller towns.

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Scene in the Grocery Store

Scene in the Grocery Store

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Interior of the Furniture Shop

Interior of the Furniture Shop

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The Republic as a Trade School

Last year the Republic entered upon a new and very important era of industrial life. For several years the Industries—farm, bakery, laundry, plumbing shop, furniture stop, printing shop etc. had been doing good work considering the very limited equipment at hand. Our hum, with 350 acres of land, 27 cows and 11 horses did not provide for our needs as it should, because, in the first place, there were too many demands upon the time and resources of the head farmer and teams: and in the second place there was not nearly enough stock to con-some the hay and fodder raised or to produce nearly enough butter and milk for our own use.

This condition on the farm was typical of every department in the Republic; there was just enough machinery and equipment in each one to "name the place" but not sufficient to carry out the work with efficiency and satisfaction, to say nothing of profit.

It is the theory of the present management that our industries can be made to pay a good profit in money and turn out a very much higher grade of workmanship by bring properly equipped. Many good friends of the Republic have come to coincide with us in this belief with the result that funds have been furnished by Mr. John D. Rockefeller and Mr. V. Everit Macy of New York City for the purpose of completing such equipment. Much has already been done. Our dairy has increased from 27 to 60 head; our horses from 11 to 14. A blacksmith shop is m successful operation. The laundry has a complete outfit of the best made washing machinery.

The bakery has a new "Ordway" oven with a capacity of 300 loaves of bread: the furniture shop has $300 worth of new tools and machinery; the plumbing shop has new quarters and many new tools: a sewing school has been page break started and several machines are in operation; the printing industry has been moved into a beautiful new brick building and its equipment completed.

Nevertheless, with all of this new machinery and with a better grade of help our advance along the lines of industrial efficiency has not been quite satisfactory. It is true that we have greatly decreased the operating expenses of many departments: it is also true that those departments showing a loss, show a much smaller loss than in former years. During the year just closed, for the first time, each and every department had to bear all expenses chargeable against that department: such items as stationery, printing, sundry supplies, repairs, rent, heat, light, power, etc., have all been charged against the department and not against general maintenance, improvement, equipment, etc., as in former years.

Two other very important factors also entered into our affairs of 1910 which greatly handicapped the work of the regular departments: one was the large number of collateral enterprises going on in the Republic, the building of the gymnasium, the hotel and the new addition to the school house. These operations called for a great deal of work from the boys and teams: our Carpenter Shop, Repair Department, Plumbing Shop and Machine Shop were constantly crowded and interfered with by the extra work they were doing for these buildings. This extended over a period of seven months. In the second place the demands upon the time and attention of the Superintendent in connection with the extensive building program greatly interfered with the supervision and general oversight of the regular department work: therefore the plans and policies so carefully worked out the year before were not fully, and in some cases not wisely, worked out. It is not to be expected that we shall ever again face so many difficulties in one season. With the time and thought of the Superintendent free to carefully and constantly direct the affairs of the several departments and study their needs, it is to be expected they will make much better progress.

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The following is a comparative statement which shows the increase or decrease in the operating expenses of the several departments.

1908 1909 1910 Showing Decrease in 1910 S howing Increase in 1910 (a)Salaries 13237.82 16274.87 17689. 89 1415.02 (a)Meat 1963.54 399,89 1507.31 1218.02 (a) Groceries 5664.08 4770.71 5655,47 884.76 (a) Bread 1520.65 1596-69 1948,05 648,66 Clothing 3273 69.96 28.48 41.48 Other Goods 2377.00 1821.95 1650.22 171.73 Postage Stat' ery 499.25 450.87 533+62 82.75 Light 368.43 361.13 397.73 36.62 Fuel 5472.23 3678.62 4265.11 586.49 Medical 999.15 510.09 479.42 13.57 Tartu 5437.70 4783.63 4133.04 650.59 Furniture 695,58 400.75 503.51 102.76 E'lumbing 3195.06 2067.54 619.71 1447.83 Repairs H49.70 850.4 678.23 171.81 Gen'l Improv"m ts-2012.27 1926.65 1229.90 696.65 Chapel £4,00 56.00 (b)Other Purposes 1002.89 2178.27 1826.07 352.70 (c)Am. Money 3669.17 6542.43(d)3169.64 3372.79 W.R. George Cot. 1999.96 1999.9ft S68.16 1131.82 Telegrams 56.45 47.00 56.09 Printing 672. So 909.23 586. H 223.12 Hospital 83.42 180.00 Chicken Industry m 100rll 2.26 17.85 Blacksmith Shop 259, si 124.66 135.15 $51, 831.26 53,716.65 48,349.69 8,427.09 5,080.75 Balance to gain $3, 346.34 (A) This increase is largely flue to the fact that the central dining room was given up. There are now ten dining rooms in the place of one, All cake, cookies, doughnuts, breakfast roll, are now made in the bakery and sold to the cottages through the store but all are charged up as bread in this report; hence the increase. (b) This includes expenses of runaways traveling, all telephone tolls on all lines, etc. (c) Includes all goods purchased for store and citizens, also all money redeemed for citizens, hair cuts, shoe repairs, etc. (d) Inventory of goods in the store, $1,853,20

Comparative Statement of Operating Expenses

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Department lnventory Expences Sales Loss Bread Bakery 1909 1910 1909 1910 1909 1910 1909 1910 1909 1910 1909 1910 1909 1910 1909 1910 1909 1910 Dr. 3,228.01 4.447.17 Dr. 1.107.04 11. 670 98 4,44776 4,447.55 1,354.11 4.593.83 2.20 1.00 4.053.75 2.789.09 8.808.12 14.864.00 17.703 40 1.926.65 1,229.90 Cr. 1,382.28 1,410 98 Cr. 6.916.08 6,690.42 1,045,01 1,668.28 4,746.52 3,531.61 4,863.04 4,543.13 1.786.01 2,85874 741.00 1,190.46 Wafer Bakery Laundry 3,911.74 3,724.85 3,301.09 3.505.41 83478 1,561.95 1,561.95 1,027.72 +768,56 905.00 2,855 82 193.74 Plumbing Shop Furniture Shop 6,067.21 3,684.99 3.2I6.12 2,813.14 3.109.02 3,806.55 11.737.52 13,639,00 6,325.74 3,758.14 3,410.61 2,044.58 2,204.02 3,823 08 14,237.86 10783.18 258.53 73.15 194,49 Print Shop 16.53 CHICKENS FARM GENERAL IMPROVEMENTS 102.12 2.500,36 Paid all Citizens Wages. $1398.96 Five months shut down for repairs and work on other buildings This serious loss is due to three factors: (A) A change of formers and the inexperience of the new man with boy help. (B) A serious drought which continued through out July. August and half of September and which caused the almost total failure of the potato crop and greatly injured the com crop. (C) The death of two valuable horses from acute indigestion.

A Few Figures taken from the Department Ledger, October 1st., 1910

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Exterior of the Franklin Print Shop

Exterior of the Franklin Print Shop

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Interior of the Franklin Print Shop

Interior of the Franklin Print Shop

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Expense Income Loss 1908 3095.43 2764,94 330.49 Carter 1909 1743.12 686.93 1054.19 1910 1848.73 930.76 917.87 1908 2751.17 1414.97 1336.20 Haven 1909 2001.83 791.45 1210.38 1910 1908 1909 2237.47 1105.16 1232.31 6574.90 3753.94 2820.96 Hotel 16712.74 15848.77 863.97 1910 12583.70 12570.74 2575.32 12.96 1908 7909 4118.02 1 542.70 Howland 2684.53 827.36 1857.17 1910 3063.64 1713.92 1176.77 333.89 272.37 1349.42 1908 1868.48 691.71 Jane Hope 1909 1098.65 764.76 1910 775.27 504.90 1908 1909 4906.46 4313.35 3850.12 1056.34 Massachusetts 3796.65 516.70? 1910 3526.50 3647.64 2346.92 2922.52 603.98 1908 3025.00 622.64 New York 1909 864.42 1482.50 1910 1908 3470.40 3005.42 1967.02 2259.94 1230.46 1774.10 1231.32 Pioneer 1909 1910 1908. 543.87 1421.15 1579.15 2744.66 1416.22 890.78 688.37 1159.43 1585.23 Rockefeller 1909 1910 666.33 249.89 1762.49 920.91 841.58 1908 1909 1910 1908 1909 3465.15 3136.96 328.19 Seidell 1567.43 881.41 2227.14 685.99 2700.59 1743.09 475.45 1084.12 1127.22 1592.02 658.97 George 1387.97 2068.80 160.75 1910 476,78 1908 32.37 1.84 30.53 Forbes 1909 40.51 40.51 1910 222.77 32.64

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Financial

The financial support of the George Junior Republic rests with several hundred people scattered over several states. An annual contribution of one dollar entitles one to "The Citizen," a magazine which is published monthly at the Junior Republic. An annual contribution of five dollars gives one membership in the George Junior Republic Association while a gift of one hundred dollars makes one a life number. In order to facilitate the collection of funds Aid Societies are formed in the larger cities. Two Field Secretaries are also employed to collect funds, conduct an educational campaign and interest new capital in the work of the Republic. In this field of work lectures are frequently given. A person well qualified to talk upon the subject, with or without slides, may be had upon application at the office.

Our great drawback is a deficit, U was $14,647.75 on September 30th., last. It is a part of results of a fifteen years struggle: the other results are represented by a teeming village of boys and girls: twenty-seven boys who have been sent from the Republic to College; scores of girls and boys who have gone out into the very best of industrial life and success and hundreds who have gone out to a clean, earnest, humble walk in life; this great Alumni of true-hearted, loyal citizens is our greatest asset. When one reflects upon the fact that the "Junior Republic Association" has never received a dollar of state aid, and that it has no endowment to speak of, (the income from all endowments is $1,151,00) and when, in connection with this, it is remembered that he sides the real problem of current expenses the friends of the work have had to constantly increase and maintain the permanent improvements and equipment, one is surprised that the debt is not larger. It is the one thing that is confronting us in every new move for reform or economy, If we had page break no deficit and were free to buy all our goods and supplies for cash, taking advantage of the trade discount, we could greatly reduce our running expenses. Can you not aid us in reducing this deficit and in enlarging our Endowment Fund? Both money and advice are solicited on this point.

Please Read My Plea

We are supporting 155 Citizens between the ages of fourteen and twenty-one. For the training and support of forty-eight of them we receive no pay from any given source; we have over twenty for whom we receive less than two dollars a week and over thirty for whom we receive less than three and a half dollars a week while the actual cost is very much greater.

We are trying to make good, clean men and women out of unfortunate boys and girls; we are straining every nerve to send them into the world trained to take up life's work with sound minds and healthy bodies.

No physical defect is ever overlooked if surgical skill or medical treatment can correct it.

The burden of expense is very heavy upon comparatively few people. Will you not help carry the load? Will you not send us five dollars or three dollars or one dollar? The preparation of this little booklet represents a large out-lay in time and money. If it has afforded you any pleasure or given you any information we are amply repaid, but if each person to whom a copy comes would express their pleasure and confidence in our work by even a small donation we would be most grateful.

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The Following Table is Worth Considering

The total expense of all cottage maintenance in 1908 was $38,496.17.

The total expense of all cottage maintenance in 1909 was $37,777.19

The total expertise of all cottage maintenance in 1910 was $35,859.51

The total income of all cottages in 1908 was $25, 717.51

The total income of all cottages in 1909 was $26, 472.33.

The total income of all cottages in 1910 was $27, 439,10.

The total loss on cottage maintenance in 1908 was $12,778.66.

The total loss on cottage maintenance in 1909 was $11,306.86.

The total loss on cottage maintenance in 1910 was $8,524,01.

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The Chapel

The Chapel

The Gymnasium

The Gymnasium

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The Forbes-Walter Hospital

The Forbes-Walter Hospital

Interior of the Laundry

Interior of the Laundry

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Annual Report of the Treasurer of the New York Womans Aid to the George Junior Republic.

Balance—Dec. 29, 1909 from Mrs. Lambert, former Treasurer $ 40.72
Receipts
Dues $ 465.90
Christmas 75,00
Entertainments 2112.00
Donations 40.00 2,692.90
$2,733.62
Disbursements.
Expenses of Entertainment $781.70
Expenses of meetings, printing etc. 51.85
Expenses for Christmas 49.57
To A. G. Agnew, Treas. George Junior Republic 1,600,00 $2,483.12
Balance Nov, 19, 1910 $ 250.50
E. & O. E. New York, November 19, 1910. (Mrs. H. J.) Alice A. Fisher, Treas., 9 West 56th Street, New York City.
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Report of Massachusetts Aid Committee

In response-to a letter written by Mr. Derrick, a meeting was held on March 29, 1910 at the home of Mrs. J. J. Storrow, 417 Beacon St.. Boston. The purpose of this meeting was to form a Mass. Aid Committee which should be responsible for securing all contributions sent to the Republic; by Mass. contributors,

Since July 1, 1910 the monthly appeals have been sent out by its Secretary who forwards all checks to Mr. Agnew. A list of all contributors and their contributions is sent the last day of each month to the Field Secretary, that all records may be kept up to date. The Field Secretary sends a list to the Secretary of all contributions sent direct to Mr. Agnew.

It is hoped that there will be no misunderstanding in regard to the purpose of the Committee, It is not working independently but in co-operation with the management in its efforts to maintain and increase the number of contributors.

The Secretary has received since July 1, 1910. $2,08.2.00.

Massachusetts Aid Committee.

  • Mrs. John E. Thayer, Pres.
  • Mrs. Edward D. Brandegee
  • Mrs. Walter C. Bailey
  • Miss Frances G. Curtis
  • Mrs Arthur Lyman
  • Mrs. Dana Malone
  • Mrs. Francis G. Shaw
  • Mrs. James J. Storrow
  • Mrs. J. Franklin Mcelwain, Sec. 39 Chestnut Street, Boston
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Report of Louise M. Blood, as Treasurer of the Ithaca Aid to the George Junior Republic.

The Treasurer charges herself with the following receipts:
To balance in bank on Nov, 11,1909, $ 3.26
To receipts prior to January 1, 1911, from subscribers and aid members 301.00
To special subscriptions by individuals for the cooking class for women at the George Junior Republic 20.00
To donation by Ladies' Benevolent Society 28.00
To net proceeds of Miss Gluck's Concert. (A statement of the receipts and disbursements of the Concert is annexed to this report.) 138.25
To interest accumulation at Ithaca Savings Hank 8.43
Total, $498.94 $498.94
The Treasurer credits herself with the following disbursements:
By payments for postage and printing of notices, etc. $ 1.68
By check to Mr. Agnew 135,00
Total, $136.68 $136.68
Balance in Ithaca Savings Bank, January 1, 1911 $362.26
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Treasurer's Report of Receipts and Disbursements of Concert given by Miss Gluck for Benefit of George Junior Republic.

To receipts from sale of tickets at Corner Book Store (Taylor & Car penter) $ 138 25
To receipts from sale at Cornell Co-Op Society, on the Campus 118.50
Total, $256,75 $256.75
Disbursements paid Miss Gluck for services $ 100.00
By bill of Ithaca Journal for printing of tickets and programs 8.50
By expense of moving piano to Concert Hall, 10.00
Net profit from Concert with which Treasurer has charged herself in report $138.25
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Report of Buffalo Aid Society

Sent to A. G, Agnew, Treas. $462.50 Miss Belle R. Laverack, Treas., 519 Delaware Ave.

Report of the Olean Aid Society

$ 80.00

Mrs. J. M. Harris,

Treas., 202 N. Clinton St.

Note: The Olean Aid was not formed until February 1910. Considering local conditions and time at work the above showing is remarkably good.

C. D.

Treasurer's Report of Cash Receipts and Expenditures for Year Oct. 1st. 1909 to Sept. 30th. 1910.

Sept. 30, 1909 Cash on hand—General Fund $ 786.81
Cash on hand-Special Funds 8,013.08
Receipts—Oct. 1st. 1909 to Sept. 30th, 1910 90,614.23 $99,414.12
Vouchers Paid $81,933.97
Exchange 17.90
Litchfield Branch 112.50
Balance General Fund 454.04
Balance Special Fund 16,895.71 $99,414.12
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Treasurer's Statement.

October 1st, 1909 Cash Balance General Fund $786.81 Receipts Donations 51, 224,94 Members 5,550.00 Hoard 15,874.19 G, J. R. Press 513.11 Sales and Misc. 8,119,39 Telephone 141,80 Interest on Investments 1,151.00 Interest on Bank Balance 227.83 Litchfield Branch, Interest Collected 112.50 Entertainment, N. Y, Woman's A it I 1,774,47 School District 925,00 85,614-23 Loan, Lee, Higginson & Co. 5,000.00 $91,401.04 PAYMENTS Last years indebtedness 15,871,30 Exchange on out of town cheeks 17.90 Litchfield Branch, Interest Collected 112.50 Special Funds, increased 8,882.63 Buildings and Improvements 14,319.24 MAINTENANCE FOR YEAR Rent 509.99 Salaries and Wages 20,362.26 Provisions and Supplies 18,.46.04 Printing and Stationary 2,318.47 Clothing 2,870.66 Fuel and Light 4,671+50 Medicine and Med. Sup. 579.93 Fur., Beds and Bedding 740.82 Ordinary Repairs 1,311.14 Insurance 901.50 Services and Expenses of Collector soliciting funds 3,282,99 All other purposes 6,249.92 61,845.22 101,048.79 Unpaid vouchers less cash balance. Gen Fund Sept. 30,10. Loan, Lee, Higginson & Co. Total Deficit Unpaid Vouchers, 101.79 Less Less balance General 454.04 9,647.75 5,000.00 $14,647.75 9,647.75 Loan 5,000.00 14,647.75 E, & O. E., New York, September 30th. 1910. A. G, Agnew, Treasurer. New York, November 18, 1910. Audited and Found Correct. S. M, Mallard, E. C. Anderson, of N. Y. Life Insurance Co.

Oct. 1, 1909—Sept. 30, 1910.

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The Hunt Memorial School

Drawing of the Hunt Memorial School

Faculty

W. J. Nolan, A. R. Pd.

Principal.

Mathematics ans Science.

Theresa B. Dodge. A. B.

German, Algebra.

Bertha Moyer, A. B. Arithmetic, History.

Bessie B. Outterson, B. S.

Elem. English, French, Latin.

Hannah Whitson,

High School English, Eng. History.

Julia Guernsey,

Commercial Subjects.

Cecilia O'Connell.,

Geography, Drawing Physiology.

Prances Butler.

Botany, Arithmetic.

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Historical Sketch

The story of the Hunt Memorial School is a story of evolution. In September 1896 a school for elementary pupils was opened at the Republic in a room at the Pioneer Cottage. This school consisted of thirty-seven pupils and one teacher. As the grades of these thirty-seven pupils ranged from the lowest primary to third year grammar the duties of the teacher were by no means light. For eight years the condition remained much the same though several changes were made, the most notable was the remodeling of the old cow stable in 1898. This provided a new study hall and two recitation rooms. Al times there was one teacher, again there were two.

In January 1905 the modern, comfortable building donated by Miss Bourne and known as the Hunt Memorial School was completed and opened. It seemed as though this building would be adequate for all time but as the school was graded and new courses were added, a High School was organized and one by one the faculty increased until at last in 1909 the building was totally inadequate for the need.

It has often been said that a successful school in the George Junior Repulic was an impossibility because of the heterogeneous character and training of the pupils. Toward the end of the school year 1909 there was manifested throughout the student body a desire to pass examinations and to he promoted. Without this attitude no school can grow. Decided evidence of this awakening was shown in the results of the examinations in 1910.

About twenty passed out of the Grammar school on preliminary certificates and the Hunt Memorial High School awarded Regents1 diplomas to its first Academic graduating class in June 1910. Four of our students entered college without conditions. In the meantime we had become a Regents School of Senior Grade al- page break though reports showed less than fifty counts in 1908, we had 250 counts for 1909 and almost 600 in 1910,

This enthusiasm to accomplish something, sought new channels and our pupils were eager to participate in Prize Speaking Contests. In June 1910 in the Owasco Valley Prize Speaking Contest, the participants of which were members of the High Schools of Moravia, Dryden, Groton and the Republic, the first prizes were awarded to a boy and a girl from the Hunt Memorial School. The work of the sewing department has kept abreast with the times, the quality and quantity of the garments manufactured showing so great an improvement on those of the previous year that we feel we possess a model shop which can turn out any plain garment one wishes to order.

The outlook for the future is most encouraging. The new buildings with commodious quarters are nearly complete and since we have made such strides under adverse and crowded conditions what may we not hope to accomplish in more advantageous surroundings?

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Course of Study Hunt Memorial School.

High School

First Year

  • English
  • Elementary Algebra
  • Biology
  • Latin
  • Modern Language
  • Stenography
  • Book-keeping
  • Typewriting
  • Commercial Arithmetic
  • Commercial Geography
  • Drawing

Note: English is required of every student in each year. Each student is required to carry at least three subjects, which may be chosen from the other subjects as electives.

Second Year

  • English
  • Plane Geometry
  • Ancient History
  • English History
  • Latin
  • Modern Language
  • Chemistry
  • Stenography
  • Typewriting
  • Book-keeping
  • Commercial Law
  • Commercial Arithmetic
  • Drawing
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Third Year

  • English
  • Modern Language
  • Latin
  • American History & Civics
  • Physics
  • Intermediate Algebra
  • Drawing

Fourth Year

  • English
  • Latin
  • Modern Language
  • Advanced Algebra
  • Solid Geometry
  • Plane Trigonometry
  • Drawing

Note: Any first or second year subject may be taken, by a third or fourth year student, as an elective.

The Elementary School consists of five grades, from four to eight inclusive.

The majority of the students taking telegraphy are elementary pupils. The girls devote two hours each week to sewing.

Daily Program

  • From 7:30—10:00 Schoolroom Work
  • From 10:00—10:15 Intermission Elementary School
  • From 10:15—11:55 Schoolroom Work

Dinner

  • From 1:00—2:55 Schoolroom Work
  • From 2:55—3:10 Intermission High School
  • From 3:10—5:30 Schoolroom Work

Pupils who attend school in the forenoon, work in the shops, on the farm and in the cottages in the afternoon.

Pupils who attend school in the afternoon, work in the shops, on the farm and in the cottages in the forenoon.

Every two months the schools alternate, and the pupils who attended school in the morning attend school in the afternoon.

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Christ Church

While Auburn Seminary was in session a theological student came over to conduct the church services, during the early part of the summer, Mr. Mitchell a former Y. M, C. A. secretary, was at the Republic, as friend and adviser, as well as preacher until the time of his vacation, when Mr. Stevens assumed charge. This fall it was decided that we needed a man, who should work both in the church and the gymnasium, and the right one has been sought through many disappointments. It is not fully settled at the time of writing, but when he is found, we hope it will solve many of our problems. The organized S. S. classes are well attended and the midweek meeting attracts a large proportion of the citizens while the meetings at the two jails, on Tuesday evening and late Sunday afternoon, are necessarily fully attended, but are especially enjoyed, for vital topics are discussed and hymns aie sung which are dear to their hearts. A felt need is the organization of the church which is difficult owing to the different creeds, but a workable plan has been adopted and will be fully reported next year.

The Hospital

The Forbes—Walter hospital is a beautiful, well equipped building under the supervision of Dr. Homer Genung, our attending physician A competent nurse is in attendance; the health and physical well being of the population is therefore, well looked after. Great care is given to such physical defects as stand in the way of the normal development or future happiness of the citizens. The eyes, teeth and throat of every citizen com-

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Interior of Bread Bakery

Interior of Bread Bakery

Scene at the Farm

Scene at the Farm

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Seidell Cottage

Seidell Cottage

Massachusetts Cottage

Massachusetts Cottage

The Hawen

The Hawen

Carter Cottage

Carter Cottage

Jane Hope Cottage

Jane Hope Cottage

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ing to us, are carefully attended to. No case requiring the removal of adnoids is ever overlooked. We are under heavy obligations to some of the best medical skill in Ithaca for assistance they have given us in these cases, Drs. Gould and Kirkendall render us very valuable service in caring for the eyes of the citizens. Dr. Burr Besemer, Dr. Kirkendall and Dr. Crum have often freely given their services in the operating room while the hospital of the City of Ithaca has always made it possible for us to place Republic patients requiring operations, some where in the wards. These favors are gratefully acknowledged.

The Gymnasium

This beautiful gymnasium, the gift of warm friends of the Republic was formally opened for use on Monday evening, January 29th 1911. The basement is provided with a large swimming pool, showers and locker rooms. Basket ball, roller-skating, marching, dancing are daily enjoyed.

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191 To A. G. Agnew, Treasurer, 22 William Street, New York City. Enclosed I send you $ as a contribution to the work of The George Junior Republic at Freeville, N. Y. Address

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Furniture Shop

Furniture Shop

Sceneion the Farm

Sceneion the Farm