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Victoria University Antarctic Research Expedition Science and Logistics Reports 2001-02: VUWAE 46

1 Popular Summary of Scientific Work Achieved

page 1

1 Popular Summary of Scientific Work Achieved

The objectives of K114 were multifaceted and could be broadly split into 2 components: (1) geophysical surveys in New Harbour and on the McMurdo Ice Shelf, and (2) engineering work for the storage and maintenance of Cape Roberts camp and drilling systems to be used for the ANDRILL Project. This report summarises the immediate results of year 1 of our 2-year geophysics programme. Our multinational team (UK, USA, Germany and NZ) undertook seismic reflection, aeromagnetic, ground-magnetic and gravity surveys to image the structure and geometry of key sedimentary depocentres and associated volcanoes in the Southern McMurdo Sound sector of the Victoria Land Basin. The interrelationship of the volcanoes and sediments, the geometry of the sedimentary sequences and the response of the sedimentary basin to loading by volcanic cones are all features that will be used to elucidate the nature of the Southern McMurdo Sound sector of the "West Antarctic Riff and the mechanism for uplift of the associated Transantarctic Mountains. A key motivation of this work is to identify the best possible locations for stratigraphic drill holes proposed as part of the ANDRILL Project. Immediate scientific goals were to gain new knowledge of the development of the Victoria Land Basin and the adjacent Trans Antarctic Mountains, and to understand the relationship between volcanism and sedimentation in the vicinity of Ross Island and Minna Bluff. In terms of ANDRILL drill site location this new data has identified thick sedimentary sequences under the McMurdo Ice Shelf between Ross and White Islands and in New Harbour suitable for addressing ANDRILL Project science objectives. Specifically, the ANDRILL science objectives focus on gaining an understanding of past behaviour of the East Antarctic Ice Sheet and Ross/McMurdo Ice Shelf and their role on global climate processes. Key results from this season's work include:
  1. Identification of up to 1 km of sediment under the McMurdo Ice Shelf, in the "moat" east of Ross Island that has accumulated in the last 5 million years.
  2. Up to 500m thickness of sediment beneath the floor of the Taylor Valley in New Harbour.
  3. Imaging of the distribution volcanic and igneous rock beneath the McMurdo ice shelf.
  4. An understanding of the timing and nature of deformation associated with volcanic loading of the crust and its effect of stratigraphic geometry.
  5. New insights into the basement structure of the southern Victoria Land Basin.
  6. New estimates of bathymetry under the McMurdo Ice Shelf and in New Harbour
  7. Greatly improved understanding of the water depth, stratigraphy and rates of ice movement likely to be encountered at proposed ANDRILL drill sites.